Week 6 Discussion 2: Application of a Shared Theory or Model to Primary Care Advanced Practice Nursing
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs is a major theory in psychology that examines five specific needs for human wellbeing and growth. Each level of the pyramid must be met before moving to the next level. The five levels of needs are physiologic, safety, belongingness, esteem and at top is self-actualization (David, 2014).
At the bottom are physiological needs such as food, water, sleep and air (David, 2014). The next level is safety which includes health and resources, environment and job security. The next level is belongingness which includes family, love, friendship and intimacy. The next level is esteem which includes achievement, confidence and self-esteem. The final level is self-actualization (David, 2014). This final level of the hierarchy includes problem solving, creativity, morality (David, 2014). Once basic physiological and safety needs such as food shelter and access to medical care are met, the next levels which can influence human behaviors and fulfillment can be met.
As a future Family Nurse Practitioner, I will be able to utilize Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in several ways. First, I will address my patients with a holistic approach and acknowledge their access to care, home and social situations which often include family dynamics. I will engage a multidisciplinary approach to provide resources such as social work and home services as needed. It is important to address basic needs as they influence one’s health. As a provider, I can educate my patients to participate in their care, provide support and create a trusting relationship where I will be able to aid the satisfaction of belongingness and esteem needs. This will encourage my patients to make better health-promoting self-care behavior decisions and thus improve their outcomes (Acton & Malathum, 2000).
For example, a cross-sectional study conducted in Taipai, Taiwan at a Veterans Hospital examined the needs, based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, of 159 hemodialysis patients on the unit. The results of the study found that based on patient’s sociodemographic factors – such as whether they had a job or not, religious beliefs, family support, level of education, their needs from a medical standpoint varied (Shih et al., 2019). It is important to note a patient’s needs past the directly noted medical needs in order to create unique care plans to treat the patient as a whole.
Important information for writing discussion questions and participation
Welcome to class
Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to
I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.
Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.
If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.
Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.
Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.
I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!
Hi Class,
Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.
Contact me if you have any questions.
Important information on Writing a Discussion Question
- Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
- There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
- Include in-text citations in your response
- Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
- Follow APA-7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor
- A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
- Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
- Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
- Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
- Follow APA 7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
- Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
- Here are some helpful links
- The is a great resource
References:
Acton, G. J., & Malathum, P. (2000). Basic need status and health-promoting self-care behavior in adults (PDF). Western Journal of Nursing Research, 22(7), 796–811.
David, L. (2014, July 18). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Learning Theories.
Shih, C.-Y., Huang, C.-Y., Huang, M.-L., Chen, C.-M., Lin, C.-C., & Tang, F.-I. (2019). The association of sociodemographic factors and needs of haemodialysis patients according to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 28(1–2), 270.
Due: In an effort to facilitate scholarly discourse, create your initial post by Day 3, and reply to at least two of your classmates, on two separate days, by Day 7.
Gradebook Category: Discussions
Note: In this type of discussion, you will not see the responses of your classmates until after you have posted your own response to the question below.
Overview
For this discussion, choose one of the four shared theories or models (Knowles Theory of Adult Learning, Prochaska and DiClemente’s Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change, Bandura’s Social Learning Theory, or Maslow’s Human Motivation and Hierarchy of Basic Human Needs) from as the focus of your initial post.
Initial Post
Please respond to the following prompt:
- Applying your selected model to your primary care specialty, describe how you would use the model in intervening with a patient-care problem focusing on assessment, counseling, and teaching. For example: PNP: Adolescents with Type One diabetes; Women’s Health: Mothers with postpartum depression; Adult Geriatric NP: Older widower coping with their spouse’s death.
Your initial post should contain two- to-three- paragraphs with three- to-four-sentences per paragraph. The post should integrate a minimum of three readings and/or other evidence-based research articles no more than three years old and use APA formatting for citations and references.
Reply Posts
Reply to at least two of your classmates. In your reply posts, apply your selected theory to the patient-care problem of two of your colleagues who chose a different theory or model using a minimum of two scholarly references formatted per APA style.
Please refer to the for details on how this activity will be graded. The described expectations meet the passing level of 80%. Students are directed to review the Discussion Grading Rubric for criteria which exceed expectations.
Posting to the Discussion Forum
- Select the appropriate Thread.
- Select Reply.
- Create your post.
- Select Post to Forum.
For this discussion post, I will be writing about Bandura’s Social Learning Theory and how the theory relates to pediatrics, which is my primary care specialty. I have chosen to apply Bandura’s Social Learning Theory with children who are overweight or obese.
Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory talks about how people learn through observing others. His theory is often seen when behavioral modification is taking place. Culatta (2018) explains that the Social Learning Theory explains human behavior in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences. The three core components of this theory are attention (to modeled events), retention, and motor reproduction.
Childhood obesity is a problem. Unhealthy habits formed during childhood can lead to many diseases and conditions that are
detrimental to one’s health. For example, Type 2 diabetes, kidney, liver, and heart failure, and many more. Pbert et. al (2016) performed a pilot study to evaluate the preliminary efficacy of a pediatric practice-based referral program to support parents in helping their overweight/obese children improve their weight. Bandura’s theory can be applied to this case study because the program focuses on educating parents and children on healthy living. Children learn from observation, particularly with adults, so the researchers urged caregivers to practice a healthy lifestyle with their kids, to help motivate them.
Children also love technology. This is a great way to encourage healthy eating and exercise as well. Bracken and Waite (2020) started the MyFitnessPal program available on smart devices. Here, both children and families can track what they are eating and how much exercise they are getting, in order to see what changes are needed to support a healthier way of living. Like Bandura’s social learning theory, this app focuses on identifying any problem(s) as well as educating and reinforcing good behaviors.
In my practice, as a pediatric nurse practitioner, I will encourage whole families to get involved. Everyone needs to look at lifestyle changes as a positive, not an inconvenience. Additionally, I will reiterate the importance of repetition. This helps children learn the behavior faster. If parents/ adults are actively engaged in diet and exercise and view it as fun, children will follow suit. This will help control childhood obesity and diseases caused by it in the future.
References:
Bracken, M. L., & Waite, B. M. (2020). Self-Efficacy and Nutrition-Related Goal Achievement of MyFitnessPal Users. Health Education & Behavior, 47(5), 677–681.
Culatta, R. (2018). Social learning THEORY (Albert Bandura). Retrieved April 05, 2021, from
Pbert, L., Druker, S., Barton, B., Olendzki, B., Andersen, V., Persuitte, G., Bram, J., Kurtz, S., Powers, E. M., Crawford, S., & Geller, A. C. (2016). Use of a FIT LINE to Support Families of Overweight and Obese Children in Pediatric Practices. Childhood Obesity, 12(1), 33–43.
477 words
Discussion Question Rubric
Note: Scholarly resources are defined as evidence-based practice, peer-reviewed journals; textbook (do not rely solely on your textbook as a reference); and National Standard Guidelines. Review assignment instructions, as this will provide any additional requirements that are not specifically listed on the rubric.
Note: The value of each of the criterion on this rubric represents a point range. (example: 17-0 points)
Criteria | Exemplary Exceeds Expectations |
Advanced Meets Expectations |
Intermediate Needs Improvement |
Novice Inadequate |
Total Points |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quality of Initial Post | Provides clear examples supported by course content and references.
Cites three or more references, using at least one new scholarly resource that was not provided in the course materials. All instruction requirements noted. 40 points |
Components are accurate and thoroughly represented, with explanations and application of knowledge to include evidence-based practice, ethics, theory, and/or role. Synthesizes course content using course materials and scholarly resources to support importantpoints.
Meets all requirements within the discussion instructions. Cites two references. 35 points |
Components are accurate and mostly represented primarily with definitions and summarization. Ideas may be overstated, with minimal contribution to the subject matter. Minimal application to evidence-based practice, theory, or role development. Synthesis of course content is present but missing depth and/or development.
Is missing one component/requirement of the discussion instructions. Cites one reference, or references do not clearly support content. Most instruction requirements are noted. 31 points |
Absent application to evidence-based practice, theory, or role development. Synthesis of course content is superficial.
Demonstrates incomplete understanding of content and/or inadequate preparation. No references cited. Missing several instruction requirements. Submits post late. 27 points |
40 |
Peer Response Post | Offers both supportive and alternative viewpoints to the discussion, using two or more scholarly references per peer post. Post provides additional value to the conversation.
All instruction requirements noted. 40 points |
Evidence of further synthesis of course content. Provides clarification and new information or insight related to the content of the peer’s post.
Response is supported by course content and a minimum of one scholarly reference per each peer post. All instruction requirements noted. 35 points |
Lacks clarification or new information. Scholarly reference supports the content in the peer post without adding new information or insight.
Missing reference from one peer post. Partially followed instructions regarding number of reply posts. Most instruction requirements are noted. 31 points |
Post is primarily a summation of peer’s post without further synthesis of course content.
Demonstrates incomplete understanding of content and/or inadequate preparation. Did not follow instructions regarding number of reply posts. Missing reference from peer posts. Missing several instruction requirements. Submits post late. 27 points |
40 |
Frequency of Distribution | Initial post and peer post(s) made on multiple separate days.
All instruction requirements noted. 10 points |
Initial post and peer post(s) made on multiple separate days.
8 points |
Minimum of two post options (initial and/or peer) made on separate days.
7 points |
All posts made on same day.
Submission demonstrates inadequate preparation. No post submitted. 6 points |
10 |
Organization | Well-organized content with a clear and complex purpose statement and content argument. Writing is concise with a logical flow of ideas.
5 points |
Organized content with an informative purpose statement, supportive content, and summary statement. Argument content is developed with minimal issues in content flow.
4 points |
Poor organization and flow of ideas distract from content. Narrative is difficult to follow and frequently causes reader to reread work.
Purpose statement is noted. 3 points |
Illogical flow of ideas. Prose rambles. Purpose statement is unclear or missing.
Demonstrates incomplete understanding of content and/or inadequate preparation. No purpose statement. Submits assignment late. 2 points |
5 |
APA, Grammar, and Spelling | Correct APA formatting with no errors.
The writer correctly identifies reading audience, as demonstrated by appropriate language (avoids jargon and simplifies complex concepts appropriately). Writing is concise, in active voice, and avoids awkward transitions and overuse of conjunctions. There are no spelling, punctuation, or word-usage errors. 5 points |
Correct and consistent APA formatting of references and cites all references used. No more than two unique APA errors.
The writer demonstrates correct usage of formal English language in sentence construction. Variation in sentence structure and word usage promotes readability. There are minimal to no grammar, punctuation, or word-usage errors. 4 points |
Three to four unique APA formatting errors.
The writer occasionally uses awkward sentence construction or overuses/inappropriately uses complex sentence structure. Problems with word usage (evidence of incorrect use of thesaurus) and punctuation persist, often causing some difficulties with grammar. Some words, transitional phrases, and conjunctions are overused. Multiple grammar, punctuation, or word usage errors. 3 points |
Five or more unique formatting errors or no attempt to format in APA.
The writer demonstrates limited understanding of formal written language use; writing is colloquial (conforms to spoken language). The writer struggles with limited vocabulary and has difficulty conveying meaning such that only the broadest, most general messages are presented. Grammar and punctuation are consistently incorrect. Spelling errors are numerous. Submits assignment late. 2 points |
5 |
Total Points | 100 |