The Nervous System – Somatic & Visceral Reflexes
Place a checkmark in the box once you have mastered the aim.
You will be able to after completing this exercise:
1. Examine how monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflex arcs are constructed.
by comparing and contrasting their structural characteristics using diagrams. 2. Understand somatic and autonomic reflexes by showing how they have an impact, and
describing the role that each reflex arc structural component has in the function of the reflex arc.
3. Examine the somatic and autonomic reflex arcs’ structural and functional characteristics.
INTRODUCTION
Reflex Arc Classifications, Figure 1.
A reflex is an instantaneous, reliable, and unconscious motor reaction to a stimuli. Reactions are reflexes
Usually defensive in nature, protecting various body tissues from harm. certain reflexes
are employed to maintain physiological parameters including blood pressure and respiration rate within a restricted range.
spectrum of homeostasis. A neural structure made up of several types of neurons allows for reflex reactions.
A reflex arc is a collection of neurons.
An afferent sensory neuron that recognizes a particular stimulus initiates a straightforward reflex arc.
Important information for writing discussion questions and participation
Welcome to class
Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to
I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.
Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.
If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.
Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.
Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.
I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!
Hi Class,
Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.
Contact me if you have any questions.
Important information on Writing a Discussion Question
- Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
- There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
- Include in-text citations in your response
- Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
- Follow APA-7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor
- A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
- Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
- Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
- Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
- Follow APA 7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
- Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
- Here are some helpful links
- The is a great resource
The
Graded and action potentials from an afferent sensory neuron transmit sensory data to an
Typically found inside the central nervous system is the integrating center (CNS). In the integration hub,
An efferent motor neuron transmits action potentials to an effector organ. The implement
An organ creates a reaction that either serves as a protective mechanism or aids in preserving homeostasis. Commonly, the
Skeletal muscle acts as an effector, causing a variety of response motions like jerks.
reaction.
The body’s reflex responses vary widely and can be categorized in a number of ways.
characteristics. Genes or developmental processes can produce innate reflexes, as in the Babinski
reflex. When the lateral aspect of the toe is touched, normal infants will respond by extending their toes upward.
Development
innate reactions
Developed reflexes
Response
Somatic reactions
Automatic reactions
Circuit difficulty
a single-synaptic reflex
Multiple synaptic reflexes
place of processing
Spinal reactions
skull reflexes
for stamp
Credit
73
The sole of the foot is vigorously rubbed. This response’ absence might be a sign of aberrant growth. Acquired
Reflexes are acquired by practice and experience; they may call for more intricate response patterns.
For instance, learning to type or play the piano develops into an acquired reflex; however, unlike innate reflexes, signals
extremely complicated efferent signals. The activation of skeletal muscles during somatic reflexes results in a response.
Somatic motor neurons transmit efferent impulses to the muscles. Autonomic reflexes, on the other hand
result in smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or gland responses being produced by autonomic motor neurons.
There may just be two neurons in the simplest reflex arc structure: an afferent sensory neuron and
a motor neuron efferent. Such reflex arcs are known as monosynaptic because they lack interneurons.
Because there is only one synapse along the whole reflex arc, monosynaptic neurons are so named.
However, between the afferent sensory fibers and the polysynaptic reflex arcs are one or more interneurons.
efferent motor neuron, and as a result, will have at least two synapses.
You will investigate in this lab how different sensory modalities affect the creation of somatic
and bodily reactions.
