NUR 605 Week 2 Assignment 1: Annotated Bibliography—Nursing and Leadership Styles

NUR 605 Week 2 Assignment 1: Annotated Bibliography—Nursing and Leadership Styles

Annotated Bibliography

There are many challenges today in healthcare, and sometimes it’s the nursing staff that take the pressure for everything going on. Leadership styles in this field can at times be tricky, producing positive or negative outcomes. The purpose of this annotated bibliography is to critically analyze three scholarly articles in areas of nursing leadership styles.

Article 1:

Poels, J., Verschueren, M., Milisen, K., & Vlaeyen, E. (2020). Leadership styles and leadership outcomes in nursing homes: A cross-sectional analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 20(1). doi:10.1186/s12913-020-05854-7

The purpose of this study was to explore leadership styles and leadership outcomes of head nurses and DONs in nursing homes, to determine how leadership, and what kind of leadership style influences staff retention and job satisfaction.  A cross-sectional analysis was done using staff in 6 nursing homes as samples. All participants had to read and write Dutch. Two levels of leadership were examined: the head nurses were level one level and two were the DONs. Overall, head nurses scored lower on transactional leadership and high on passive avoidant leadership. Head nurses scored lower on all leadership outcomes. DONs on the other hand scored higher on passive avoidant leadership and lower on idealized influence attributed and individual consideration.

This article was written to explore what leadership styles are used in nursing home facilities and how they affected the followers in those facilities. The authors were employees of the Department of public health and Primary Care in Belgium. They also received authorization from the Medical Ethics committee, that allowed them to conduct this study. This study was done to educate the public and organizations to be specific, on what styles of leadership there were, and their effect on the followers. The authors were trying to prove that there was a need to invest in leadership development. Results had shown that both head nurses and DONs had scored high on the passive-avoidant style. There were limitations to this study which included the European Reference scores (ERS) that MLQ-5X used, were meant to tally top level leaders, like executives. The samples sizes were not the same either. Additionally, due to the size of the sample, the results could not be compared to each other hence limiting subgroup analysis.

The nursing home survey concluded that passive avoidant style was mostly used by the head nurses and DONs. This style is known not to produce any positive feedback. In health care facilities, we need leadership that will positively affect its followers, leading to job satisfaction and employment longevity.  There is always an opportunity to learn in healthcare, therefore training people on leadership could bring about an improvement on how head nurses and DONs lead and communicate with their followers will start to be evident, hence increasing job satisfaction, creating better relationships between the leaders and the followers and better overall quality of the facilities. As a nurse practitioner in training, this was an eye opener to how nursing home leaders lead their staff. So I will try to stay away from being a passive avoidant leader, and choose to be better, like Democratic or authoritarian if I really should.

Article 2:

Asamani, J. A., Naab, F., & Ofei, A. M. (2016). Leadership styles in nursing management: Implications for staff outcomes. Journal of Health Sciences, 6(1), 23-36. doi:10.17532/jhsci.2016.266

The authors conducted a study on the leadership styles of nurse managers and their influence on nursing job satisfaction and intentions to stay at the current workplaces. The authors argued that it’s the role of nurse managers to retain their staff once hired, of which their leadership styles are key determinants. A cross-sectional survey using the quantitative approach was used. 5 hospitals in the Eastern part of Ghana were surveyed.  The sample size was 275 participants. A reliability test was conducted on 15 nurses that were not part of the actual survey to test the accuracy of this instrument that was to be used. A Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the reliability was at the time determined too. It was concluded that job satisfaction was moderate, while higher satisfaction of staff relationship with the nurse managers scored higher. A conclusion was drawn that all types of leadership styles have different expectation for feedback, and that there is no one style that solves all problems.

Asamani et al., was a Human Resource director at the Ghana Health Service and obtained a license to carry out this study from the university of Sarajevo. Approval for this study was given by University of Ghana Ethics Committee for Humanities. The author was trying to bring awareness to the healthcare system on how leadership styles can affect job satisfaction and whether the staff stay on these jobs or not. Weaknesses that were noted included that fact that senior grade participants were a lot more than the young nurses, meaning that the nursing department needed to start preparing these young nurses for leadership. Also noted was that nurses were not satisfied with their jobs. And lastly, there was a gender bias noted, with more women than men in the healthcare field.

Overall leadership should be introduced to all nurses in preparation for when they became ready to take over the role. Having only

NUR 605 Week 2 Assignment 1 Annotated Bibliography—Nursing and Leadership Styles

older leaders prevents to younger generation from learning and acquiring those leadership skills, hence their inability to lead when asked to. As a nurse leader, I would have to encourage the younger nurses to cease the opportunity when it presents itself. And also, not to be biased. Today, we are seeing more male nurses in the health care field, so I would remember to treat everyone fairly and equally.

Important information for writing discussion questions and participation

Welcome to class

Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to

I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.

Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.

If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.

Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.

Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.

I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!

Hi Class,

Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.

Contact me if you have any questions.

Important information on Writing a Discussion Question

  • Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
  • There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
  • Include in-text citations in your response
  • Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
  • Follow APA-7th edition
  • Points will be deducted if the above is not followed

Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor

  • A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
  • Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
  • Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
  • Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
  • Follow APA 7th edition
  • Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
  • Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
  • Here are some helpful links
  • The is a great resource

 

 

Article 3:

Giddens, J. (2018). Transformational leadership: What every nursing dean should know. Journal of Professional Nursing,34(2), 117-121. doi:10.1016/j.profnurs.2017.10.004

Transformational leadership (TFL) is one kind of leadership that has been taking over organization. It is believed that such leaders motivate, inspire and stimulate their followers. The purpose of this article was to define and clarify TFL, present general findings from the literature about the benefits and challenges of this leadership style, discuss TFL in the context of academic nursing. Originating from a concept by James MacGregor Burns, TFL was eventually conceptualized by Bernard Bass. Research on this leadership style started with the military and went on to government, academic institutions, health care. Of the most recent survey that had been done in 2016, 224 nurses had rated their nurse managers, using the Transformational Leadership Behavior Inventory. The results revealed that a positive predictive relationship between this style and a work engagement among the nurses. 253 healthcare managers were also surveyed, and employee motivation was noted.

The author was a registered nurse with a PhD, who also happened to be a Dean and a professor at the Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia. So, for her to carry out this study, she must have been exposed to what the leadership styles were, and how they applied to the academic division. One of the limitations that were met was the self-reporting, instead of actual reporting through practice.

There are many leadership styles, with each used to solve its own problems. There is no one style that solves all other problems. In this case, as a leader, I will give all the styles a chance, as I learn how and when they work best. Because, sometimes, I might need to use them, and it would be a good thing if I already know what the styles are all about, and how to use them to bring about positive feedback.

 

Week 2 Assignment 1: Annotated Bibliography—Nursing and Leadership Styles

Value: 100 points

Due: Day 7

Grading Category: Annotated Bibliography Assignments

Introduction

Read at least three scholarly articles on nursing and leadership styles. Summarize and critically analyze each article separately (250–300 words for each article’s annotated bibliography).

For each article, determine the following:

  • Comprehension: Select a scholarly research or other article on the assigned topic and introduce the article in your own words.
  • Application: Apply the research findings or article content to course concepts.
  • Analysis: Provide objective and subjective analysis of the article.
  • Evaluation: Summarize the value of the content to nursing leadership and nursing.

Please refer to the for details on how this activity will be graded.

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Annotated Bibliography Rubric

Note: An appropriate scholarly resource for this assignment is a current (within five years) evidence-based practice article from a peer-reviewed journal. Review assignment instructions for any additional requirements such as number of annotations to include.

Annotated Bibliography Rubric – 100 Points
Criteria Exemplary
Exceeds Expectations
Advanced
Meets Expectations
Intermediate
Needs Improvement
Novice
Inadequate
Total Points
Identifies Relevant Sources

Selected articles:

Relate directly to the topic and report results of empirical research studies conducted by the authors.

15 points

Relate directly to the topic and include two original research studies.

13 points

May or may not relate directly to the topic and include only one original research study.

11 points

Do not clearly relate to the topic and do not include original research.

10 points

15
Annotation summarizes the article’s

Purpose

Point or argument

Each annotation:

Summarizes in the student’s own words—the purpose of the study, sample description, tool(s) used, significant findings, and point or argument that the author is trying to make.

20 points

Summarizes in the student’s own words—the purpose of the article and point or argument that the author is trying to make.

17 points

Summarizes the purpose of the article with reliance on quotations.

15 points

Summarizes the article with reliance on quotations and without a clear identification of purpose.

13 points

20
Annotation analyzes quality of each article’s

Author credentials and authority

Level of writing

Intended audience

Legitimacy of content

Limitations/ weaknesses

Each annotation:

Provides relevant detail to analyze each component of criteria.

20 points

Analyzes each component of criteria but may miss relevant detail for one area.

17 points

Misses relevant detail or two areas of identified criteria.

15 points

Misses three or more areas of identified criteria.

13 points

20
Annotation evaluates value of each article to

Assignment objectives

Course objectives

Nursing in general

Each annotation:

Evaluates the usefulness or value of the article’s content by aligning significant findings or results to assignment and course objectives, and nursing in general.

25 points

Evaluates the usefulness or value of the articles content to assignment and course objectives, and nursing in general.

22 points

Misses one or two components of evaluation.

19 points

Misses three or more components of evaluation.

17 points

25
Organization:

Concise

Logical

Each annotation:

Evaluates each article in a concise, logical flow of ideas, and is without repetition.

10 points

Evaluates two articles with a logical flow of ideas and is without repetition.

8 points

Evaluates a single article with errors in flow of ideas.

7 points

Evaluates a single article with errors in flow of ideas significantly distracting from content.

6 points

10
APA Reference:

Components

Punctuation

Capitalization

Italics

Spacing

Each reference:

Meets all format criteria.

5 points

Has one consistent format error.

4 points

Has two consistent format errors.

3 points

Has more than two format errors.

2 points

5
Grammar and Spelling

Each annotation:

Avoids awkward transitions, overuse of conjunctions, spelling, word-usage, or punctuation errors.

5 points

Has less than two grammar, word-usage, spelling, or punctuation errors.

4 points

Has three or more grammar, spelling, word-usage, or punctuation errors.

3 points

Has grammar, spelling, word-usage, and punctuation errors that significantly distract from content.

2 points

5
Total Points 100
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