Case Study MR C
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Case Study MR C
The provided case study demonstrates a 32-year-old patient by the name, of Mr. C who is trying to acquire more information about bariatric surgery in managing his obesity. The patient is afraid of the complications associated with his overweight such as diabetes, hypertension, and increased risks of cardiac arrest. However, evidence-based guidelines recommend bariatric surgery as the best intervention for patients with obesity given its safety and high percentage success rate reported by previous researchers (Bucher Della Torre et al., 2018). As such, this discussion provides an evaluation of Mr. C’s health history and medical information and the most appropriate care plan to promote his health and wellbeing.
Clinical Manifestation
Mr. C reports gaining 100 pounds over the past 2 to three years which contributed to his obesity, despite being heavy even as a child. He presents with sleep apnea, and elevated blood pressure which is associated with his body weight. Over the past 6 months, the patient reports presenting with increased shortness of breath, pruritis, and swollen ankles. The objective data reveal low levels of idyllic HDL, with increased levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. These clinical manifestations help in guiding further examinations for a comprehensive understanding of the patient’s medical conditions.
Potential Health Risks
The patient is at high risk of obesity-related conditions, such as hyperlipidemia, stroke, diabetes mellitus, sleep apnea, and kidney disease among other serious health conditions. Consequently, if left untreated, studies show that obesity can result in several types of cancer like kidney, liver, ovarian, and bowel cancer among others (Bucher Della Torre et al., 2018). As such, the patient must consider safe and effective interventions such as bariatric surgery, which has a substantial amount of evidence supporting its high success rate in managing obesity and reducing the risk of associated health complications. Additionally, clinical guidelines recommend the incorporation of bariatric surgery with dietary interventions and exercise for optimal care outcomes in the management of weight-related conditions like obesity.
Functional Health Patterns
The patient’s primary health concern is obesity, with secondary concerns being hypertension and sleep apnea among other obesity-related conditions. For further assessment of these conditions, the nurse must assess several functional health patterns such as sleep rest cycle, stress coping and tolerance, metabolic function, self-perception, and health Maintainance habits among others (Daly et al., 2019). For instance, the patient perceives himself as unhealthy as a result of his obesity and would like to take action by considering bariatric surgery. He also reported having gained about 100 pounds over the past 2 to three years, which suggests that his lifestyle may be sedentary, with limited exercises of physical activity in addition to consuming unhealthy diets rich in calories. This is also revealed by his objective data which shows low levels of idyllic HDL, with increased levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. The patient also reports having sleep apnea, which prevents him from getting an adequate amount of sleep by interrupting his sleep-wake cycle (Trotta et al., 2019). Over the past 6 months, he reports increased shortness of breath with exercise, which affects his respiratory functions. As such, the nurse needs to assess all the affected functional health patterns for the patient and intervene appropriately to promote the patient’s health and well-being.
Staging and Contributing Factors of ESRD
Kidney disease is normally categorized into 5 distinct classes s per the decline in the functioning of the kidney. The patient’s glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is usually used to determine the functioning of the kidney hence recommended by most clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and staging of kidney disease (Rady & Anwar, 2019). For instance, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is normally diagnosed with the patient’s GFR being less than 15 mL/min. ESRD is normally precipitated by several lifestyles and health complications such as alcoholism, smoking, low level of hemoglobin in the blood, advanced age, high cholesterol levels, and low education among others.
Health Promotion and Prevention Measures for ESRD
Currently, ESRD has no definitive cure. However, through evidence-based practice, several interventions have been proposed as a result of their safety and great effectiveness in promoting the health and well-being of a patient with ESRD. Such interventions include dialysis and kidney transplant which help prolong the life of patients diagnosed with this end of life condition (Naderi et al., 2018). Consequently, patients are normally advised to go for routine screening of contributing conditions and complications such as diabetes and hypertension, to promote their management hence improving the disease prognosis. Patient education on appropriate dietary interventions and physical activity is also necessary to reduce the risks associated with this condition. Finally, counseling and family support are also needed to help promote positive emotions crucial in the recovery process.
Resources for ESRD Patient for Nonacute Care and Multidisciplinary Approach
Numerous resources have been availed for patients diagnosed with ESRD, to help them comprehend the medical condition better and provide them the available treatment options which are effective in managing this chronic condition. Such ESRD resources include family support groups and support for the patient from ESRD survivors in addition to multidisciplinary approaches with procedures helping in tracking down the patient’s diet and exercise plans (Lin et al., 2018). Several dialysis centers have also been developed in several health centers for patients with CKD. Additional sources include internet sources like USDA Nutrient Database, The DASH Diet Eating Plan, American Dietetic Association, Renal Support Network (RSN), and FitDay among others.
Conclusion
Based on the provided patient information, Mr.C is obese, which has contributed to and increased the risks of comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, kidney disease, and sleep apnea among others. Through evidence-based practice, bariatric surgery has been proven to be a safe and the most effective way of managing the patient body weight, hence reducing the risks of associated complications. Consequently, the patient needs to be advised on appropriate dietary interventions and exercise which will help promote his health and well-being.
References
Bucher Della Torre, S., Courvoisier, D. S., Saldarriaga, A., Martin, X. E., & Farpour‐Lambert, N. J. (2018). Knowledge, attitudes, representations, and declared practices of nurses and physicians about obesity in a university hospital: training is essential. Clinical obesity, 8(2), 122-130.
Daly, M., Sutin, A. R., & Robinson, E. (2019). Perceived weight discrimination mediates the prospective association between obesity and physiological dysregulation: evidence from a population-based cohort. Psychological science, 30(7), 1030-1039.
Lin, T. Y., Liu, J. S., & Hung, S. C. (2018). Obesity and risk of end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease: a cohort study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 108(5), 1145-1153.
Naderi, N., Kleine, C. E., Park, C., Hsiung, J. T., Soohoo, M., Tantisattamo, E., … & Moradi, H. (2018). Obesity paradox in advanced kidney disease: from bedside to the bench. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 61(2), 168-181.
Rady, E. H. A., & Anwar, A. S. (2019). Prediction of kidney disease stages using data mining algorithms. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, 15, 100178.
Trotta, M., Ferrari, C., D’Alessandro, G., Sarra, G., Piscitelli, G., & Marinari, G. M. (2019). Enhanced recovery after bariatric surgery (ERABS) in a high-volume bariatric center. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, 15(10), 1785-1792.
