HLT 362V Week 2 Assignment:
What demographic variables were measured at the nominal level of measurement in the Oh et al. (2014) study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
What statistics were calculated to describe body mass index (BMI) in this study? Were these appropriate? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Were the distributions of scores for BMI similar for the intervention and control groups? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Was there a significant difference in BMI between the intervention and control groups? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Based on the sample size of N = 41, what frequency and percentage of the sample smoked? What frequency and percentage of the sample were nondrinkers (alcohol)? Show your calculations and round to the nearest whole percent.
What measurement method was used to measure the bone mineral density (BMD) for the study participants? Discuss the quality of this measurement method and document your response.
What statistic was calculated to determine differences between the intervention and control groups for the lumbar and femur neck BMDs? Were the groups significantly different for BMDs?
The researchers stated that there were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics of the intervention and control groups (see Table 2). Are these groups heterogeneous or homogeneous at the beginning of the study? Why is this important in testing the effectiveness of the therapeutic lifestyle modification (TLM) program?
Oh et al. (2014, p. 296) stated that “the adherence rate to the TLM program was 99.6%.” Discuss the importance of intervention adherence, and document your response.
Was the sample for this study adequately described? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Exercise # 18
Assuming that the distribution is normal for weight relative to the ideal and 99% of the male participants scored between (–53.68, 64.64), where did 95% of the values for weight relative to the ideal lie? Round your answer to two decimal places.
Which of the following values from Table 1 tells us about variability of the scores in a distribution? a. 60.22
b. 11.94 c. 22.57 d. 53.66
Assuming that the distribution for General Health Perceptions is normal, 95% of the females’ scores around the mean were between what values? Round your answer to two decimal places.
Assuming that the distribution of scores for Pain is normal, 95% of the men’s scores around the mean were between what two values? Round your answer to two decimal places.
Were the body image scores significantly different for women versus men? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Assuming that the distribution of Mental Health scores for men is normal, where are 99% of the men’s mental health scores around the mean in this distribution? Round your answer to two decimal places.
Assuming that the distribution of scores for Physical Functioning in women is normal, where are 99%of the women’s scores around the mean in this distribution? Round your answer to two decimal places.
Assuming that the distribution of scores is normal, 99% of HIV-positive body image scores around the mean were between what two values? Round your answer to two decimal places.
Assuming that the distribution of scores for Role Functioning is normal, 99% of the men’s scores around the mean were between what values? Round your answer to two decimal places.
What are some of the limitations of this study that decrease the potential for generalizing the findings to the target population?
Exercise # 26
Plot the frequency distribution for “Age at Enrollment” by hand or by using SPSS.
How would you characterize the skewness of the distribution in Question 1—positively skewed, negatively skewed, or approximately normal? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Compare the original skewness statistic and Shapiro-Wilk statistic with those of the smaller dataset (n = 15) for the variable “Age at First Arrest.” How did the statistics change, and how would you explain these differences?
Plot the frequency distribution for “Years of Education” by hand or by using SPSS.
How would you characterize the kurtosis of the distribution in Question 4————, mesokurtic, or platykurtic? Provide a rationale for your answer.
What is the skewness statistic for “Age at Enrollment”? How would you characterize the magnitude of the skewness statistic for “Age at Enrollment”?
What is the kurtosis statistic for “Years of Education”? How would you characterize the magnitude of kurtosis for “Years of Education”?
Using SPSS, compute the Shapiro-Wilk statistic for “Number of Times Fired from Job.” What would you conclude from the results?
In the SPSS output table titled “Tests of Normality,” the Shapiro-Wilk statistic is reported along with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic. Why is the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic inappropriate to report for these example data?
How would you explain the skewness statistic for a particular frequency distribution being low and the Shapiro-Wilk statistic still being significant at p < 0.05?
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